The Coude Echelle Spectrographs
The Coude Echelle Spectrographs
Figure 1: Echellogram for UCLES 31.6 lines/mm grating
As discussed in Section 1.4, vignetting
limits the coverage obtained with larger detectors.
The unvignetted region which can be observed is 38.5 x 18.8 mm (for
less than 10% vignetting). The region covered at 50% vignetting is 60 x
34 mm, which is approximately the entire LL chip, however unless you are
working in the very red, the echellogram will not put any light on much
of the chip.
Figure 2 shows the coverage of the MITLL2 CCD. The level of vignetting is marked, and this removes any advantage in rotating the CCD as extra orders covered would be heavily vignetted. MITLL3 has the same coverage and limitations as MITLL2.
Coverage for the wavelength of interest can be investigated using the ECHWIND program (Section 2.2). The coverage for each order is given in the Spectral Format Tables below.
ORD WAVEMIN WAVECENTR WAVEMAX FSR
FSR LD CDMIN CDCEN CDMAX
ORSEP
(A)
(A) (A) (A)
(mm) (A/mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
(mm)
189 2998.20 3006.15 3014.10 15.91
12.77 1.245 0.00 0.58 1.16 1.155
188 3014.19 3022.23 3030.27 16.08
12.84 1.252 1.16 1.74 2.31 1.146
187 3030.36 3038.48 3046.60 16.25
12.91 1.259 2.32 2.89 3.45 1.137
186 3046.69 3054.90 3063.11 16.42
12.98 1.265 3.46 4.03 4.59 1.128
185 3063.19 3071.50 3079.80 16.60
13.05 1.272 4.59 5.16 5.71 1.119
184 3079.88 3088.27 3096.66 16.78
13.12 1.279 5.72 6.27 6.83 1.110
183 3096.74 3105.22 3113.71 16.97
13.19 1.286 6.83 7.38 7.93 1.101
182 3113.78 3122.36 3130.94 17.16
13.26 1.293 7.94 8.49 9.03 1.092
181 3131.01 3139.68 3148.36 17.35
13.34 1.301 9.03 9.58 10.12 1.083
180 3148.43 3157.20 3165.97 17.54
13.41 1.308 10.12 10.66 11.20 1.075
179 3166.04 3174.90 3183.77 17.74
13.49 1.315 11.20 11.74 12.27 1.066
178 3183.84 3192.81 3201.78 17.94
13.56 1.323 12.27 12.80 13.33 1.057
177 3201.84 3210.91 3219.98 18.14
13.64 1.330 13.33 13.86 14.38 1.049
176 3220.04 3229.22 3238.39 18.35
13.72 1.338 14.38 14.91 15.42 1.041
175 3238.45 3247.73 3257.01 18.56
13.79 1.345 15.43 15.95 16.46 1.032
174 3257.07 3266.45 3275.84 18.77
13.87 1.353 16.46 16.98 17.49 1.024
173 3275.90 3285.39 3294.89 18.99
13.95 1.361 17.49 18.00 18.51 1.016
172 3294.94 3304.55 3314.15 19.21
14.04 1.369 18.51 19.01 19.52 1.008
171 3314.20 3323.92 3333.64 19.44
14.12 1.377 19.52 20.02 20.52 0.999
170 3333.69 3343.53 3353.36 19.67
14.20 1.385 20.52 21.02 21.51 0.991
169 3353.41 3363.36 3373.31 19.90
14.28 1.393 21.51 22.01 22.50 0.983
168 3373.36 3383.42 3393.49 20.14
14.37 1.402 22.50 22.99 23.48 0.975
167 3393.54 3403.73 3413.92 20.38
14.46 1.410 23.48 23.96 24.44 0.967
166 3413.96 3424.28 3434.59 20.63
14.54 1.418 24.45 24.93 25.41 0.960
165 3434.63 3445.07 3455.51 20.88
14.63 1.427 25.41 25.89 26.36 0.952
164 3455.55 3466.12 3476.68 21.13
14.72 1.436 26.36 26.84 27.31 0.944
163 3476.72 3487.42 3498.12 21.40
14.81 1.445 27.31 27.78 28.24 0.937
162 3498.15 3508.98 3519.81 21.66
14.90 1.454 28.25 28.71 29.17 0.929
161 3519.85 3530.81 3541.78 21.93
14.99 1.463 29.18 29.64 30.10 0.921
160 3541.81 3552.91 3564.01 22.21
15.09 1.472 30.10 30.56 31.01 0.914
159 3564.04 3575.29 3586.53 22.49
15.18 1.481 31.01 31.47 31.92 0.906
158 3586.56 3597.95 3609.33 22.77
15.28 1.490 31.92 32.37 32.82 0.899
157 3609.36 3620.89 3632.42 23.06
15.38 1.500 32.82 33.27 33.71 0.892
156 3632.45 3644.13 3655.81 23.36
15.47 1.510 33.71 34.16 34.60 0.884
155 3655.83 3667.66 3679.49 23.66
15.57 1.519 34.60 35.04 35.48 0.877
154 3679.51 3691.50 3703.49 23.97
15.68 1.529 35.48 35.91 36.35 0.870
ORD WAVEMIN WAVCENTR WAVEMAX FSR
FSR LD CDMIN CDCEN CDMAX
ORSEP
(A)
(A) (A) (A)
(mm) (A/mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
(mm)
153 3703.51 3715.65 3727.79 24.29
15.78 1.539 36.35 36.78 37.21 0.863
152 3727.81 3740.11 3752.42 24.61
15.88 1.549 37.21 37.64 38.07 0.856
151 3752.43 3764.90 3777.37 24.93
15.99 1.560 38.07 38.49 38.92 0.849
150 3777.38 3790.02 3802.65 25.27
16.09 1.570 38.92 39.34 39.76 0.842
149 3802.67 3815.47 3828.27 25.61
16.20 1.581 39.76 40.18 40.59 0.835
148 3828.29 3841.26 3854.24 25.95
16.31 1.591 40.60 41.01 41.42 0.828
147 3854.25 3867.41 3880.56 26.31
16.42 1.602 41.42 41.84 42.25 0.822
146 3880.57 3893.91 3907.24 26.67
16.53 1.613 42.25 42.65 43.06 0.815
145 3907.25 3920.77 3934.29 27.04
16.65 1.624 43.06 43.47 43.87 0.808
144 3934.30 3948.01 3961.72 27.42
16.76 1.635 43.87 44.27 44.67 0.801
143 3961.72 3975.62 3989.52 27.80
16.88 1.647 44.67 45.07 45.46 0.794
142 3989.53 4003.63 4017.72 28.19
17.00 1.658 45.46 45.86 46.25 0.788
141 4017.73 4032.03 4046.32 28.60
17.12 1.670 46.25 46.65 47.03 0.781
140 4046.33 4060.83 4075.33 29.01
17.24 1.682 47.03 47.42 47.81 0.775
139 4075.33 4090.05 4104.76 29.42
17.37 1.694 47.81 48.20 48.58 0.769
138 4104.76 4119.68 4134.61 29.85
17.49 1.707 48.58 48.96 49.34 0.762
137 4134.61 4149.75 4164.90 30.29
17.62 1.719 49.34 49.72 50.10 0.756
136 4164.90 4180.27 4195.63 30.74
17.75 1.732 50.10 50.47 50.85 0.750
135 4195.63 4211.23 4226.82 31.19
17.88 1.744 50.84 51.22 51.59 0.743
134 4226.82 4242.65 4258.48 31.66
18.02 1.757 51.59 51.96 52.33 0.737
133 4258.47 4274.54 4290.61 32.14
18.15 1.771 52.33 52.69 53.06 0.731
132 4290.61 4306.92 4323.23 32.63
18.29 1.784 53.06 53.42 53.78 0.725
131 4323.23 4339.79 4356.35 33.13
18.43 1.798 53.78 54.14 54.50 0.719
130 4356.34 4373.16 4389.98 33.64
18.57 1.812 54.50 54.86 55.21 0.713
129 4389.97 4407.05 4424.14 34.16
18.71 1.826 55.21 55.57 55.92 0.707
128 4424.12 4441.47 4458.82 34.70
18.86 1.840 55.92 56.27 56.62 0.701
127 4458.81 4476.43 4494.06 35.25
19.01 1.854 56.62 56.97 57.32 0.695
126 4494.04 4511.95 4529.85 35.81
19.16 1.869 57.32 57.66 58.00 0.690
125 4529.84 4548.03 4566.22 36.38
19.31 1.884 58.00 58.35 58.69 0.684
124 4566.20 4584.69 4603.18 36.97
19.47 1.899 58.69 59.03 59.37 0.678
123 4603.16 4621.95 4640.73 37.58
19.63 1.915 59.37 59.70 60.04 0.672
122 4640.72 4659.81 4678.91 38.20
19.79 1.930 60.04 60.37 60.70 0.667
121 4678.89 4698.30 4717.72 38.83
19.95 1.946 60.70 61.04 61.37 0.661
120 4717.70 4737.44 4757.18 39.48
20.12 1.962 61.37 61.70 62.02 0.656
ORD WAVEMIN WAVCENTR WAVEMAX FSR
FSR LD CDMIN CDCEN CDMAX
ORSEP
(A)
(A) (A) (A)
(mm) (A/mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
(mm)
119 4757.15 4777.23 4797.30 40.14
20.29 1.979 62.02 62.35 62.67 0.651
118 4797.28 4817.69 4838.10 40.83
20.46 1.996 62.67 63.00 63.32 0.645
117 4838.08 4858.84 4879.61 41.53
20.63 2.013 63.32 63.64 63.96 0.640
116 4879.58 4900.71 4921.83 42.25
20.81 2.030 63.95 64.27 64.59 0.635
115 4921.80 4943.29 4964.79 42.99
20.99 2.048 64.59 64.91 65.22 0.629
114 4964.76 4986.63 5008.50 43.74
21.18 2.066 65.22 65.53 65.84 0.624
113 5008.47 5030.73 5052.99 44.52
21.36 2.084 65.84 66.15 66.46 0.619
112 5052.96 5075.62 5098.28 45.32
21.55 2.103 66.46 66.77 67.07 0.614
111 5098.25 5121.32 5144.39 46.14
21.75 2.121 67.07 67.38 67.68 0.609
110 5144.36 5167.85 5191.34 46.98
21.95 2.141 67.68 67.99 68.29 0.604
109 5191.30 5215.23 5239.15 47.85
22.15 2.160 68.29 68.59 68.89 0.599
108 5239.12 5263.48 5287.85 48.74
22.35 2.180 68.89 69.18 69.48 0.595
107 5287.82 5312.64 5337.47 49.65
22.56 2.201 69.48 69.78 70.07 0.590
106 5337.43 5362.73 5388.02 50.59
22.77 2.221 70.07 70.36 70.65 0.585
105 5387.99 5413.77 5439.54 51.56
22.99 2.243 70.65 70.95 71.23 0.581
104 5439.51 5465.78 5492.06 52.56
23.21 2.264 71.23 71.52 71.81 0.576
103 5492.02 5518.81 5545.60 53.58
23.44 2.286 71.81 72.10 72.38 0.572
102 5545.56 5572.88 5600.20 54.64
23.67 2.309 72.38 72.67 72.95 0.567
101 5600.16 5628.02 5655.88 55.72
23.90 2.331 72.95 73.23 73.51 0.563
100 5655.84 5684.26 5712.68 56.84
24.14 2.355 73.51 73.79 74.07 0.559
99 5712.64 5741.63 5770.63 58.00
24.38 2.378 74.07 74.35 74.62 0.555
98 5770.59 5800.18 5829.77 59.19
24.63 2.403 74.62 74.90 75.17 0.551
97 5829.73 5859.93 5890.14 60.41
24.89 2.427 75.17 75.45 75.72 0.547
96 5890.09 5920.93 5951.77 61.68
25.15 2.453 75.72 75.99 76.26 0.543
95 5951.72 5983.21 6014.70 62.98
25.41 2.478 76.26 76.53 76.80 0.539
94 6014.65 6046.81 6078.98 64.33
25.68 2.505 76.80 77.07 77.34 0.536
93 6078.93 6111.79 6144.64 65.72
25.96 2.532 77.34 77.60 77.87 0.532
92 6144.59 6178.17 6211.75 67.15
26.24 2.559 77.87 78.13 78.40 0.528
91 6211.69 6246.01 6280.33 68.64
26.53 2.587 78.40 78.66 78.92 0.526
90 6280.28 6315.36 6350.45 70.17
26.82 2.616 78.92 79.18 79.44 0.522
89 6350.39 6386.27 6422.15 71.76
27.12 2.645 79.44 79.70 79.96 0.519
88 6422.09 6458.79 6495.48 73.40
27.43 2.676 79.96 80.22 80.48 0.516
87 6495.43 6532.97 6570.52 75.09
27.75 2.706 80.48 80.74 80.99 0.513
86 6570.46 6608.88 6647.30 76.85
28.07 2.738 80.99 81.25 81.50 0.511
85 6647.24 6686.58 6725.91 78.67
28.40 2.770 81.50 81.76 82.01 0.509
84 6725.84 6766.12 6806.39 80.55
28.74 2.803 82.01 82.26 82.51 0.506
83 6806.33 6847.58 6888.83 82.50
29.08 2.837 82.51 82.77 83.02 0.504
82 6888.76 6931.03 6973.29 84.52
29.44 2.871 83.02 83.27 83.52 0.502
ORD WAVEMIN WAVCENTR WAVEMAX FSR
FSR LD CDMIN CDCEN CDMAX
ORSEP
(A)
(A) (A) (A)
(mm) (A/mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
(mm)
81 6973.22 7016.53 7059.84 86.62
29.80 2.907 83.52 83.77 84.02 0.500
80 7059.77 7104.17 7148.58 88.80
30.18 2.943 84.02 84.27 84.52 0.499
79 7148.50 7194.04 7239.57 91.06
30.56 2.980 84.52 84.77 85.01 0.497
78 7239.49 7286.20 7332.91 93.41
30.95 3.018 85.01 85.26 85.51 0.496
77 7332.83 7380.76 7428.69 95.85
31.35 3.057 85.51 85.76 86.00 0.495
76 7428.61 7477.80 7527.00 98.39
31.76 3.098 86.00 86.25 86.50 0.494
75 7526.92 7577.44 7627.95 101.03
32.19 3.139 86.50 86.75 86.99 0.494
74 7627.87 7679.76 7731.65 103.78
32.62 3.181 86.99 87.24 87.48 0.494
73 7731.57 7784.89 7838.21 106.64
33.07 3.225 87.48 87.73 87.98 0.495
72 7838.12 7892.93 7947.74 109.62
33.53 3.270 87.98 88.23 88.47 0.495
71 7947.65 8004.02 8060.39 112.73
34.00 3.316 88.47 88.72 88.97 0.496
70 8060.29 8118.28 8176.27 115.98
34.49 3.363 88.97 89.22 89.46 0.497
69 8176.17 8235.85 8295.53 119.36
34.99 3.412 89.46 89.71 89.96 0.498
68 8295.43 8356.88 8418.33 122.90
35.50 3.462 89.96 90.21 90.46 0.500
67 8418.23 8481.52 8544.82 126.59
36.03 3.513 90.46 90.71 90.96 0.503
66 8544.71 8609.94 8675.16 130.45
36.58 3.567 90.96 91.22 91.47 0.506
65 8675.05 8742.30 8809.55 134.50
37.14 3.621 91.47 91.73 91.98 0.509
64 8809.43 8878.80 8948.16 138.73
37.72 3.678 91.98 92.24 92.49 0.513
63 8948.04 9019.63 9091.21 143.17
38.32 3.736 92.49 92.75 93.01 0.518
62 9091.09 9165.00 9238.91 147.82
38.94 3.797 93.01 93.27 93.53 0.524
61 9238.78 9315.13 9391.49 152.71
39.57 3.859 93.53 93.80 94.06 0.530
60 9391.35 9470.27 9549.19 157.84
40.23 3.923 94.06 94.33 94.60 0.536
59 9549.05 9630.66 9712.28 163.23
40.92 3.989 94.60 94.87 95.14 0.544
58 9712.13 9796.58 9881.04 168.91
41.62 4.058 95.14 95.42 95.69 0.553
57 9880.88 9968.32 10055.76 174.88 42.35
4.129 95.69 95.98 96.26 0.563
56 10055.60 10146.19 10236.78 181.18 43.11 4.203
96.25 96.54 96.83 0.574
55 10236.60 10330.52 10424.43 187.83 43.89 4.279
96.83 97.12 97.41 0.585
54 10424.25 10521.67 10619.09 194.85 44.70 4.359
97.41 97.71 98.01 0.599
53 10618.90 10720.03 10821.16 202.26 45.55 4.441
98.01 98.32 98.62 0.613
52 10820.96 10926.01 11031.07 210.12 46.42 4.526
98.62 98.94 99.25 0.630